centos7-分区2T以上大硬盘

1. centos7-分区2T以上大硬盘

  • 由于使用fdisk进行分区默认在2T内，大于2T后fdisk就无法进行大硬盘进行分区，需要对大于2TB进行分区，使用parted进行分区

  • 且ext4不支持16TB以上的磁盘格式化，如果磁盘大于16TB或以上，就使用xfs格式化磁盘

  • 查看parted 命令详解

    [root@test ~]# parted --help
Usage: parted [OPTION]... [DEVICE [COMMAND [PARAMETERS]...]...]
Apply COMMANDs with PARAMETERS to DEVICE.  If no COMMAND(s) are given, run in
interactive mode.

OPTIONs:
  -h, --help                      显示此帮助消息
  -l, --list                      列出所有块设备上的分区布局
  -m, --machine                   显示机器可解析的输出
  -s, --script                    不给用户输出提示信息
  -v, --version                   显示版本
  -a, --align=[none|cyl|min|opt]  新分区的对齐

  • 先使用fdisk -l 查看磁盘大小

    [root@test ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 53.7 GB, 53687091200 bytes, 104857600 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x000ad154

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *        2048     2099199     1048576   83  Linux
/dev/sda2         2099200   104857599    51379200   8e  Linux LVM

Disk /dev/sdb: 8796.1 GB, 8796093022208 bytes, 17179869184 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes


Disk /dev/mapper/centos-root: 48.4 GB, 48444211200 bytes, 94617600 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes


Disk /dev/mapper/centos-swap: 4160 MB, 4160749568 bytes, 8126464 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

    我们可以看到/dev/sdb是8T数据盘，我们使用parted进行一个分区的大硬盘

  • 使用parted进行分区或管理操作

    [root@test ~]# parted /dev/sdb
GNU Parted 3.1
Using /dev/sdb
Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.
(parted)

  • 定义分区表格式

    [root@test ~]# parted /dev/sdb
GNU Parted 3.1
Using /dev/sdb
Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.
(parted) mklabel gpt    # 定义分区表格式

  • 创建分区

    (parted) mkpart part1          # 执行开始创建分区, mkpart执行分区命令， part1为分区名称                                             
File system type?  [ext2]? xfs     # 文件系统类型，也可以后期通过mkfs.xfs格式化成xfs格式                                          
Start? 1       # 分区开始值 1                                                            
End? 8T        # 分区结束值 8T

  • 使用print命令进行查看创建是否成功

    (parted) print                                                            
Model: VMware Virtual disk (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdb: 8796GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: gpt
Disk Flags: 

Number  Start   End     Size    File system  Name   Flags
 1      1049kB  8000GB  8000GB               part1

  • 执行退出

    (parted) quit                                                             
Information: You may need to update /etc/fstab.

  • 格式磁盘

    [root@test ~]# mkfs.xfs /dev/sdb1
meta-data=/dev/sdb1              isize=512    agcount=8, agsize=268435455 blks
         =                       sectsz=512   attr=2, projid32bit=1
         =                       crc=1        finobt=0, sparse=0
data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=1953124864, imaxpct=5
         =                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks
naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
log      =internal log           bsize=4096   blocks=521728, version=2
         =                       sectsz=512   sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0

  • 使用mount 进行挂载测试

    [root@test ~]# mkdir -p /test
[root@test ~]# mount -t xfs /dev/sdb1 /test/

  • 验证是否挂载

    [root@test ~]# df -h
Filesystem               Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs                 1.9G     0  1.9G   0% /dev
tmpfs                    1.9G     0  1.9G   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                    1.9G  8.9M  1.9G   1% /run
tmpfs                    1.9G     0  1.9G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/centos-root   46G  7.6G   38G  17% /
/dev/sda1               1014M  151M  864M  15% /boot
tmpfs                    379M     0  379M   0% /run/user/0
/dev/sdb1                7.3T   33M  7.3T   1% /test

  • 配置开机自动挂载

    [root@test ~]# vim /etc/fstab 
[root@test ~]# cat /etc/fstab 

#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Mon Nov 29 00:48:53 2021
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
#
/dev/mapper/centos-root /                       xfs     defaults        0 0
UUID=c1543849-6ce7-46be-b796-8587fed64908 /boot                   xfs     defaults        0 0
#/dev/mapper/centos-swap swap                    swap    defaults        0 0
# 配置自动挂载硬盘
/dev/sdb1  /test   xfs    defaults 0 0