Don't Talk, code is here:

重点是startRecord 方法

<template>
  <div>
    <el-tooltip class="item" effect="dark" content="再次点击 【开始录音】 即为重新录制，之前录制的将被作废" placement="top">
      <el-button :disabled="isPlay" :icon="isRecording?'el-icon-turn-off-microphone  el-icon--right' : 'el-icon-microphone el-icon--right'" plain :type="isRecording ? 'danger' : 'primary'" size="mini" @click="togleAudioRecord">{{ isRecording ? '停止录音' : '开始录音' }}</el-button>
    </el-tooltip>
    <el-button plain :disabled="isRecording" type="info" size="mini" @click="toglePlayRecord">
      <svg-icon :icon-class="isPlay ? 'stop-white' :'play-fill-white' " />{{ isPlay ? '停止播放' : '试听录音' }}
    </el-button>
    <el-button icon="el-icon-upload el-icon--right" plain type="success" size="mini" @click="uploadRecord">上传</el-button>
    <span :class="{ 'time-black': isPlay, 'time-red': isRecording && recordingSecond %2 === 0, 'time-pink': isRecording && recordingSecond %2 === 1 }" class="font-bold margin-horizon-10">{{ formatTimeFormSec(recordingSecond) }}</span>
    <audio ref="audio" :volume="0.85" @ended="audioPlayEnd" />
  </div>
</template>

<script>
export default {
  name: 'AudioRecorder',
  data() {
    return {
      isRecording: false,
      recordingSecond: 0,
      intervalSeed: null,
      isPlay: false,
      audioStream: null, // 用户存储媒体流
      audioRecorder: null, // 录音对象
      audioBlob: null, // 录音文件
      audioUrl: null // 录音文件试听url
    }
  },
  beforeDestroy() { // 组件销毁时，停止当前正在执行的操作，释放资源，防止内存泄漏
    // 如果正在录制，则结束录制
    this.isRecording && this.stopRecord()
    // 如果正在播放，则停止播放
    this.isPlay && this.stop()
  },
  methods: {
    togleAudioRecord() {
      this.isRecording = !this.isRecording
      if (this.isRecording) { // 需要开始录音
        this.startRecord()
        this.startInterval() // 录音时长计时器
      } else { // 需要结束录音
        this.stopRecord()
        this.stopInterval()
      }
    },
    toglePlayRecord() {
      if (this.audioUrl == null) {
        this.$message.error('请先录制音频')
        return
      }
      this.isPlay = !this.isPlay
      if (this.isPlay) { // 需要播放
        this.play()
        this.startInterval() // 录音时长计时器
      } else { // 停止播放
        this.stop()
        this.stopInterval()
      }
    },
    uploadRecord() { // TODO 上传录音

    },
    audioPlayEnd() { // 音频播放结束将被调用
      this.isPlay = false
      this.stopInterval()
    },
    startRecord() { // 开始录音
      navigator.mediaDevices.getUserMedia({ audio: true, video: false })
        .then(stream => {
          this.audioStream = stream
          this.audioRecorder = new MediaRecorder(stream)
          this.audioRecorder.start()
          this.audioRecorder.ondataavailable = e => {
            this.audioBlob = new Blob([e.data], { type: 'audio/wav' })
            this.audioUrl = URL.createObjectURL(this.audioBlob)
            this.$refs.audio.src = this.audioUrl
          }
        })
        .catch(err => {
          console.log(err)
        })
    },
    stopRecord() { // 结束录音
      this.audioRecorder.stop()
      this.audioStream.getTracks().forEach(track => track.stop())
      this.audioRecorder = null
      this.audioStream = null
      this.audioBlob = null
      this.audioUrl = null
    },
    play() { // 开始播放
      this.$refs.audio.play()
    },
    stop() { // 停止播放
      this.$refs.audio.currentTime = 0
      this.$refs.audio.pause()
    },
    formatTimeFormSec(sec) { // 将录制的秒数转换为 00：01：01 格式的字符串
      const h = Math.floor(sec / 3600)
      const m = Math.floor(sec % 3600 / 60)
      const s = Math.floor(sec % 60)
      return (h > 9 ? h : '0' + h) + ':' + (m > 9 ? m : '0' + m) + ':' + (s > 9 ? s : '0' + s)
    },
    startInterval() { // 开始计时秒数
      this.recordingSecond = 0
      this.intervalSeed = setInterval(() => {
        this.recordingSecond++
      }, 1000)
    },
    stopInterval() { // 停止计时秒数
      clearInterval(this.intervalSeed)
    } }
}
</script>

<style lang="scss" scoped>
.time-black{
  color: #303133;
}

.time-red{
  color: #ff0000;
}

.time-pink{
  color: #ff6767;
}

.font-bold{
  font-weight: bolder;
}

.margin-horizon-10{
  margin: 0 10px;
}
</style>

环境

1. Vue 2.?
2. Element-ui
3. Ruoyi-vue

备注

代码是完整的组件，放在

      <el-form-item label="录音">
        <AudioRecorder />
      </el-form-item>

显示起来刚刚好。