规则：

1. 列表第一项描述  QHBox or QVBox 
2. 第二项描述是否可拉伸，也就是 QBox or  QSplitter
3. 列表可嵌套

渲染：

def fun(self, ui):
        if ui[0] == "H":
            if not ui[1]:
                box = QHBoxLayout()
            else:
                box = QSplitter(Qt.Horizontal)
        elif ui[0] == "V":
            if not ui[1]:
                box = QVBoxLayout()
            else:
                box = QSplitter(Qt.Vorizontal)
        for i in ui[2:]:
            if isinstance(i, list):
                box.addLayout(self.fun(i))
            else:
                # print(i)
                box.addWidget(i)
        return box

举个例子：

假如我们想创建这样的窗口那么我们的数据结构是这样的

['V', False,
    QPushButton("按钮1", self),
    QPushButton("按钮2", self),
    ["H", False, QPushButton("按钮3", self),QPushButton("按钮4", self)]
]

完整代码：

#!/usr/bin/python3
import os
import sys
from PyQt5 import QtCore
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *
from PyQt5.QtGui import *
from PyQt5.QtCore import *


class Example(QWidget):

    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.ui = ['V', False,
                   QPushButton("按钮1", self),
                   QPushButton("按钮2", self),
                   ["H", False, QPushButton("按钮3", self),
                    QPushButton("按钮4", self)]
                   ]
        self.initUI()

    def fun(self, ui):
        if ui[0] == "H":
            if not ui[1]:
                box = QHBoxLayout()
            else:
                box = QSplitter(Qt.Horizontal)
        elif ui[0] == "V":
            if not ui[1]:
                box = QVBoxLayout()
            else:
                box = QSplitter(Qt.Vorizontal)
        for i in ui[2:]:
            if isinstance(i, list):
                box.addLayout(self.fun(i))
            else:
                # print(i)
                box.addWidget(i)
        return box

    def initUI(self):
        self.setLayout(self.fun(self.ui))
        self.show()


if __name__ == '__main__':

    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    ex = Example()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())